Biologiya
Cell cycle and cell division
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#1
What is the fundamental characteristic of all living organisms mentioned in the text?
- Formation of millions of cells from a single cell
- Metabolic activity and response to stimuli
- Ability to reproduce by dividing into two
- Ability to grow and reproduce
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Ability to grow and reproduce
#2
Which process involves the duplication of the cell's genome, synthesis of other constituents, and eventual division into two daughter cells?
- Cell cycle
- DNA replication
- Cell growth
- Cytokinesis
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Cell cycle
#3
In a typical eukaryotic cell cycle, what percentage of the duration is generally occupied by the interphase?
- Approximately 50%
- More than 95%
- Exactly 24 hours
- Less than 5%
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More than 95%
#4
Which phase of the cell cycle is characterized by the cell preparing for division by undergoing growth and DNA replication?
- Interphase
- M Phase
- S phase
- G1 phase
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Interphase
#5
During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA synthesis or replication primarily occur?
- G1 phase
- G2 phase
- S phase
- M Phase
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S phase
#6
If the initial amount of DNA in a cell at G1 phase is denoted as 2C, what is the amount of DNA after the S phase?
- 4C
- 1C
- 8C
- 2C
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4C
#7
What happens to the number of chromosomes in a cell during the S phase, even though the DNA content doubles?
- It doubles
- It remains the same
- It halves
- It becomes haploid
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It remains the same
#8
In animal cells, during the S phase, besides DNA replication in the nucleus, what else duplicates in the cytoplasm?
- Golgi apparatus
- Centrosome
- Mitochondria
- Ribosomes
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Centrosome
#9
What is the quiescent stage (G0) of the cell cycle?
- An inactive stage where cells exit G1 and do not proliferate
- The final stage of cell division
- The phase where DNA replication occurs
- A phase of rapid cell division
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An inactive stage where cells exit G1 and do not proliferate
#10
Mitosis is also referred to as equational division because:
- It involves the separation of homologous chromosomes
- The number of chromosomes in parent and progeny cells is the same
- It is the first stage of meiosis
- It results in haploid daughter cells
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The number of chromosomes in parent and progeny cells is the same
#11
Which of the following is NOT one of the four stages of karyokinesis in mitosis?
- Metaphase
- Prophase
- Telophase
- Interphase
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Interphase
#12
What marks the initiation of condensation of chromosomal material during prophase?
- Centrosome duplication
- DNA replication
- Cytokinesis
- Chromatin condensation
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Chromatin condensation
#13
What are the microtubules radiating from the centrosome called during prophase?
- Asters
- Chromatids
- Centromeres
- Spindle fibres
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Asters
#14
The M Phase typically ends with:
- DNA replication
- Cell growth
- Nuclear division (karyokinesis)
- Division of cytoplasm (cytokinesis)
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Division of cytoplasm (cytokinesis)
#15
Which phase of mitosis is characterized by the complete disintegration of the nuclear envelope, allowing chromosomes to spread through the cytoplasm?
- Anaphase
- Metaphase
- Telophase
- Prophase
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Metaphase
#16
What are the small disc-shaped structures on the surface of centromeres called, which serve as attachment sites for spindle fibres?
- Chromatids
- Kinetochores
- Centromeres
- Spindle fibres
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Kinetochores
#17
In anaphase, what part of the chromosome remains directed towards the pole as the chromosome moves away from the equatorial plate?
- The centromere
- The sister chromatid
- The kinetochore
- The arms
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The centromere
#18
Which stage of karyokinesis is characterized by chromosomes clustering at opposite spindle poles, losing their individuality, and the reformation of the nuclear envelope?
- Cytokinesis
- Metaphase
- Telophase
- Anaphase
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Telophase
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